exercise 95.1.
At 0, the restriction is empty and the range PER is equality on naturals. At 1, the restriction contains only 𝑓(0); after choosing a natural 𝑛0, the range is the finite PER on values below 𝑛0 +1. At 2, the restriction contains 𝑓(0) and 𝑓(1); after values 𝑛0,𝑛1 have been validated, the range is the finite PER below 𝑛0 +𝑛1 +1. Each definition uses only PERs at strict predecessors, so induction on 0 <1 <2 constructs them in that order.
exercise 95.2.
With 1 <0, label 1 has no predecessor. Its original range reads 𝑓(0), but 0 ≮1, so the predecessor-function context contains no such application and formation fails. An accepted reversed family is 𝐵[𝑓,1] =𝖭 and 𝐵[𝑓,0] =𝖥𝗂𝗇(𝑓(1) +1): the only dependency at 0 now reads its strict predecessor 1.
exercise 95.3.
Place 𝖾𝗊 :𝑅 →𝑅 →𝖡𝗈𝗈𝗅 in 𝑀(𝑅). Opening independently packed 𝑜1,𝑜2 :𝖮𝖻𝗃𝖾𝖼𝗍(𝑀) gives 𝑅1,𝑠1,𝑚1 and 𝑅2,𝑠2,𝑚2. The receiver method 𝑚1.𝖾𝗊 expects two 𝑅1 values. The application 𝑚1.𝖾𝗊 𝑠1 𝑠2 is ill typed because 𝑠2 :𝑅2; it would require 𝑅1 ≡𝑅2, which existential unpacking does not provide.
exercise 95.4.
Take ordered labels 𝑅 <𝗀𝖾𝗍 <𝗌𝖾𝗍 <𝗅𝖺𝗐 and the VDF whose ranges are respectively U𝑖, 𝑅 →ℤ, 𝑅 →ℤ →𝑅, and the equation ∀𝑟,𝑖.𝗀𝖾𝗍(𝗌𝖾𝗍(𝑟,𝑖)) =𝑖. The predecessor sets read by the ranges are ∅, {𝑅}, {𝑅}, and {𝑅,𝗀𝖾𝗍,𝗌𝖾𝗍}. If 𝗅𝖺𝗐 is placed before 𝗌𝖾𝗍, its range still mentions 𝗌𝖾𝗍, which is no longer a strict predecessor; the fourth premise of VDF-F fails at that label.
exercise 95.5.
Append 𝖼𝗈𝗅𝗈𝗋 :𝖢𝗈𝗅𝗈𝗋 and 𝗋𝖾𝖼𝗈𝗅𝗈𝗋 :𝑅 →𝖢𝗈𝗅𝗈𝗋 →𝑅 after the Point fields. Restricting an extended record to the old labels preserves every old predecessor restriction, so proposition 95.7 gives the Point view. A wrapper applies old 𝗌𝖾𝗍 to the position component and copies the color branch; its proof fields are recomputed from the old law and reflexivity of the copied color. If a new field is inserted before 𝗅𝖺𝗐 and the law’s range is defined over all predecessors, that range changes. The old law proof then has the old type, so merely copying it is a counterexample to the wrapper calculation.